Impacts of Educational Interventions on Glycemic Control in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Although insulin treatment has been proven effective in controlling blood glucose among type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) children and adolescents, treatment adherence remains suboptimal throughout the years. Therefore, education intervention is a promising approach to improve insulin therapy adherence, thus improving glycemia control in children with T1DM. This review summarized the findings of available interventions and potential outcomes of education interventions among children and adolescents living with T1DM. The scoping study framework developed by Arksey and O'Malley was used in retrieving and reviewing relevant publications (2000 - 2021), thus, emphasizing the variations in studies, interventions, and patient characteristics. This scoping review comprised 49 papers after the screening of 5015 articles. Most of the education interventions were multidisciplinary and reported improvements in patients' glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), with or without enhancements in other areas. In conclusion, various patient education interventions positively impact children and adolescents living with T1DM. The findings highlighted the efficacy of patient education interventions in ameliorating glycemic control. by reducing HbA1c, enhancing behavioral outcomes, improving psychological outcomes, patients' health state and quality of life (QOL).