Bibliographical progress in hybrid renewable energy systems' integration, modelling, optimization, and artificial intelligence applications: A critical review and future research perspective

Global energy demand has consistently increased in recent decades, owing to the rapid population increase. Energy consumption is higher than it has ever been, and most fossil supplies are on the verge of exhaustion with the current rate of exploitation. Facing the double pressure of meeting energy demands and reducing carbon emissions, the integration of renewable energy into different aspects of the energy ecosystem has become a unified agreement for all countries globally. Hybrid renewable energy systems that integrate multiple energy sources can effectively solve this problem. In the hybrid renewable energy system, optimizing the unit size is the key to achieving efficient utilization of renewable energy. Research trends show that artificial intelligence methods are gaining attention from researchers and can provide good system optimization in the absence of long-term weather data to provide good system optimization. While different studies have presented articles in this research domain, it is important to give a comprehensive collation/summary of the research trend while highlighting key models/methods utilized in this research domain. Hence, based on the published literature, this paper provides a comprehensive bibliographical review of the current trends/status of hybrid renewable energy systems research. Key research articles published in the Web of Science between the years 2000 and 2022 in this research domain have been reviewed. This paper describes the hybrid renewable energy systems, summarizes many different energy systems in existing literature, compares the differences between various energy systems, and analyzes the physical models of different systems, as well as the optimization methods and the optimization of the systems. Further, the uncertainty of electricity generation from renewable energy sources is analyzed in the literature review and the future challenges of hybrid renewable energy systems are summarized.