Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in the differential diagnosis of complex renal cysts and small renal masses

Background Renal masses can be divided into complex cysts and solid lesions. The Bosniak classification divides renal cysts into IV categories bases on different criteria. Based on this characterization, a decision about further management can be made. Sonography or contrast-enhanced sonography is one of the standard diagnostic procedures for renal cysts and is a useful method for classification into the Bosniak categories.Objectives This review describes cystic kidney lesions and their differentiation using contrast-enhanced sonography, which is intended to support further management.Materials and methods A selective literature search and evaluation of the own patient collective were carried out for the preparation of the review.Conclusion Contrast-enhanced sonography is a simple and inexpensive technique. In the evaluation of complex renal cysts and small solid renal masses, it allows rapid determination of the appropriate therapeutic approach, especially since additional information about the vascularization of the renal masses is obtained.