The Metastable State and the Finite-Size Effect of the First-Order Phase Transition

被引：2
|
作者：
Xu, Mingmei [1 ,2 ]
Wu, Yuanfang [1 ,2 ]
机构：
[1] Cent China Normal Univ, Key Lab Quark & Lepton Phys MOE, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China
[2] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China
来源：
SYMMETRY-BASEL | 2023年 / 15卷 / 02期
基金：
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词：
relativistic heavy-ion collision; phase transition; finite-size effect; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; RESTORATION; PERSPECTIVE; DENSITY; MATTER; QCD;
D O I：
10.3390/sym15020510
中图分类号：
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号：
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要：
In the QCD, a transition restoring the chiral symmetry occurs at a high temperature and density. Searching for the signals of the QCD phase transition is one of the goals of the current relativistic heavy-ion physics programs. The metastable state is a unique feature of the first-order phase transition. Using the van der Waals equation of state, the role of the metastable state in finite-size effects is analyzed. It is found that the finite-size effects of the first-order phase transition are closely related to the metastable state. Metastability can be observed in the distribution of the order parameters and the probability of its occurrence depends on the system scale. A sizable probability of the metastability requires a small enough system size. The possibility of observing the metastability in the RHIC/BES is discussed.
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页数：14
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