The variability of mass concentrations and source apportionment analysis of equivalent black carbon across urban Europe

被引：43

作者：

Savadkoohi, Marjan ^{[1
,2
]}

Pandolfi, Marco ^{[1
]}

Reche, Cristina ^{[1
]}

V. Niemi, Jarkko ^{[3
]}

Mooibroek, Dennis ^{[4
]}

Titos, Gloria ^{[5
]}

Green, David C. ^{[6
,7
]}

Tremper, Anja H. ^{[6
]}

Hueglin, Christoph ^{[8
]}

Liakakou, Eleni ^{[9
]}

Mihalopoulos, Nikos ^{[9
]}

Stavroulas, Iasonas ^{[9
]}

Artinano, Begona ^{[10
]}

Coz, Esther ^{[10
]}

Alados-Arboledas, Lucas ^{[5
]}

Beddows, David ^{[11
]}

Riffault, Veronique ^{[12
]}

De Brito, Joel F. ^{[12
]}

Bastian, Susanne ^{[13
]}

Baudic, Alexia ^{[14
]}

Colombi, Cristina ^{[15
]}

Costabile, Francesca ^{[16
]}

Chazeau, Benjamin ^{[17
,18
]}

Marchand, Nicolas ^{[17
]}

Gomez-Amo, Jose Luis ^{[19
]}

Estelles, Victor ^{[19
]}

Matos, Violeta ^{[19
]}

van der Gaag, Ed ^{[20
]}

Gille, Gregory ^{[21
]}

Luoma, Krista ^{[22
]}

Manninen, Hanna E. ^{[3
]}

Norman, Michael ^{[23
]}

Silvergren, Sanna ^{[23
]}

Petit, Jean-Eudes ^{[24
]}

Putaud, Jean-Philippe ^{[25
]}

V. Rattigan, Oliver ^{[26
]}

Timonen, Hilkka ^{[27
]}

Tuch, Thomas ^{[28
]}

Merkel, Maik ^{[28
]}

Weinhold, Kay ^{[28
]}

Vratolis, Stergios ^{[29
]}

Vasilescu, Jeni ^{[30
]}

Favez, Olivier ^{[31
]}

Harrison, Roy M. ^{[11
,32
]}

Laj, Paolo ^{[33
,34
]}

Wiedensohler, Alfred ^{[28
]}

Hopke, Philip K. ^{[35
]}

Petaja, Tuukka ^{[34
]}

Alastuey, Andres ^{[1
]}

Querol, Xavier ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Inst Environm Assessment & Water Res IDAEA CSIC, Barcelona, Spain

[2] UPC, Manresa Sch Engn EPSEM, Dept Min Ind & ICT Engn EMIT, Manresa 08242, Spain

[3] Helsinki Reg Environm Serv Author HSY, Helsinki, Finland

[4] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm RIVM, Ctr Environm Monitoring, Bilthoven, Netherlands

[5] Univ Granada, Andalusian Inst Earth Syst Res IISTA CEAMA, Granada, Spain

[6] Imperial Coll London, MRC Ctr Environm & Hlth, Environm Res Grp, London, England

[7] Imperial Coll London, NIHR HPRU Environm Exposures & Hlth, London, England

[8] Swiss Fed Labs Mat Sci & Technol Empa, Lab Air Pollut & Environm Technol, Dubendorf, Switzerland

[9] Natl Observ Athens, Inst Environm Res & Sustainable Dev, Athens, Greece

[10] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol, Dept Environm, CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain

[11] Univ Birmingham, Div Environm Hlth & Risk Management, Sch Geog Earth & Environm Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England

[12] Univ Lille, Ctr Energy & Environm, Inst Mines Telecom, IMT Nord Europe, Lille, France

[13] Saxon State Dept Agr & Environm Operat, Saxon State Off Environm Agr & Geol, Dresden, Germany

[14] Ile France Air Qual Monitoring Network, AIRPARIF, Paris, France

[15] Arpa Lombardia, Unit Operativa Qualit Aria, Settore Monitoraggi Ambientali, Milan, Italy

[16] CNR, Inst Atmospher Sci & Climate, Rome, Italy

[17] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LCE, Marseille, France

[18] Paul Scherrer Inst, Lab Atmospher Chem, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland

[19] Univ Valencia, Dept Earth Phys & Thermodynam, Solar Radiat Grp, Burjassot, Spain

[20] DCMR Environm Protect Agcy, Dept Air & Energy, Rotterdam, Netherlands

[21] AtmoSud, Reg Network Air Qual Monitoring Provence Alpes C, Marseille, France

[22] Univ Helsinki, Inst Atmospher & Earth Syst Res Phys, Fac Sci, Helsinki, Finland

[23] SLB Anal, Environm & Hlth Adm, Stockholm, Sweden

[24] CEA Orme Merisiers, Lab Sci Climat & Environm, Gif Sur Yvette, France

[25] European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr JRC, Ispra, Italy

[26] New York State Dept Environm Conservat, Div Air Resources, Albany, NY USA

[27] Finnish Meteorol Inst, Atmospher Composit Res, Helsinki, Finland

[28] Leibniz Inst Tropospher Res TROPOS, Leipzig, Germany

[29] Inst Nucl & Radiol Sci & Technol, Environm Radioact Lab, Energy & Safety, NCSR Demokritos, Athens, Greece

[30] Natl Inst Res & Dev Optoelect INOE 2000, Magurele, Romania

[31] Inst Natl Environm Ind & Risques INERIS, Verneuil En Halatte, France

[32] King Abdulaziz Univ, Fac Meteorol Environm & Arid Land Agr, Dept Environm Sci, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

[33] Univ Grenoble, CNRS, IRD, F-38000 Grenoble, France

[34] Univ Helsinki, Inst Atmospher & Earth Syst Res Phys INAR, Fac Sci, Helsinki, Finland

[35] Univ Rochester, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Sch Med & Dent, Rochester, NY USA

来源：

ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL | 2023年 / 178卷

基金：

欧盟地平线“2020”;

关键词：

Air quality; European urban environment; Filter absorption photometer; Source apportionment; eBC; ABSORPTION ANGSTROM EXPONENT; AEROSOL LIGHT-ABSORPTION; HELSINKI METROPOLITAN-AREA; REGIONAL BACKGROUND SITES; LONG-TERM TRENDS; PARTICULATE MATTER; CROSS-SECTION; FOSSIL-FUEL; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION;

D O I：

10.1016/j.envint.2023.108081

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

This study analyzed the variability of equivalent black carbon (eBC) mass concentrations and their sources in urban Europe to provide insights into the use of eBC as an advanced air quality (AQ) parameter for AQ standards. This study compiled eBC mass concentration datasets covering the period between 2006 and 2022 from 50 measurement stations, including 23 urban background (UB), 18 traffic (TR), 7 suburban (SUB), and 2 regional background (RB) sites. The results highlighted the need for the harmonization of eBC measurements to allow for direct comparisons between eBC mass concentrations measured across urban Europe. The eBC mass concentrations exhibited a decreasing trend as follows: TR > UB > SUB > RB. Furthermore, a clear decreasing trend in eBC concentrations was observed in the UB sites moving from Southern to Northern Europe. The eBC mass concentrations exhibited significant spatiotemporal heterogeneity, including marked differences in eBC mass concentration and variable contributions of pollution sources to bulk eBC between different cities. Seasonal patterns in eBC concentrations were also evident, with higher winter concentrations observed in a large proportion of cities, especially at UB and SUB sites. The contribution of eBC from fossil fuel combustion, mostly traffic (eBCT) was higher than that of residential and commercial sources (eBCRC) in all European sites studied. Nevertheless, eBCRC still had a substantial contribution to total eBC mass concentrations at a majority of the sites. eBC trend analysis revealed decreasing trends for eBCT over the last decade, while eBCRC remained relatively constant or even increased slightly in some cities.

引用

页数：25

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