Survey on analytical and numerical methods for lightning-induced voltages calculations

The induced voltages and overvoltages generated by lightning are one of the main causes of unscheduled outage of the electric power system, which compromise the energy supply of thousands of consumers. In view of the constant climatic changes and the consequent increase in the incidence of lightning, studies aimed at understanding, characterizing, and estimating the induced caused in distribution lines by indirect lightning have revealed even more their need in order to develop procedures to protect against these disorders. In this context, the present research focuses on the presentation of the main aspects related to the incidence of lightning and the appearance of induced voltages, for further analysis of the main analytical and numerical methods for estimating the induced voltages by indirect lightning. As a result, from a critical and comparative analysis of these methods and their models, requirements and limitations for application in studies of estimation of the voltages induced by indirect lightning in distribution systems were raised.