Hematological, immunological, and inflammation markers in patients of COVID-19

The present study was done to evaluate hematological, immunological, and inflammation markers in male and female patients infected with COVID-19, ranging from moderate to severe cases in Erbil city of Iraq. The study included 200 samples (60 male, and 60 female patients infected with COVID-19). While 40 healthy males and 40 healthy females were used as a control group. The results found significant differences in total white blood cells (WBC), lymphocytes, immunoglobin G (IgG), immunoglobin M (IgM), C-reactive protein (CRP), Ferritin, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) between healthy control and patients infected with COVID-19 in males and females. Patients with COVID-19 showed a significantly p <= 0.001 higher value of total WBC, IgG, IgM, CRP, Ferritin, and ESR when compared with the control group in both males and females. The percentage of lymphocytes in male and female patients is significantly p <= 0.001 lower than that of the healthy control group. No significant differences in red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), and thrombocytes were observed between the control and patient groups in both males and females.