Silent battles: immune responses in asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection

被引：10

作者：

Le Bert, Nina ^{[1
]}

Samandari, Taraz ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Duke NUS Med Sch, Program Emerging Infect Dis, Singapore, Singapore

来源：

CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY | 2024年 / 21卷 / 02期

关键词：

COVID-19; asymptomatic; cellular immunity; antibody; HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; T-CELL RESPONSES; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; CORONAVIRUS INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; COVID-19; SARS; SEROPREVALENCE; OUTBREAK; DURATION;

D O I：

10.1038/s41423-024-01127-z

中图分类号：

R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];

学科分类号：

100102 ;

摘要：

SARS-CoV-2 infections manifest with a broad spectrum of presentations, ranging from asymptomatic infections to severe pneumonia and fatal outcomes. This review centers on asymptomatic infections, a widely reported phenomenon that has substantially contributed to the rapid spread of the pandemic. In such asymptomatic infections, we focus on the role of innate, humoral, and cellular immunity. Notably, asymptomatic infections are characterized by an early and robust innate immune response, particularly a swift type 1 IFN reaction, alongside a rapid and broad induction of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells. Often, antibody levels tend to be lower or undetectable after asymptomatic infections, suggesting that the rapid control of viral replication by innate and cellular responses might impede the full triggering of humoral immunity. Even if antibody levels are present in the early convalescent phase, they wane rapidly below serological detection limits, particularly following asymptomatic infection. Consequently, prevalence studies reliant solely on serological assays likely underestimate the extent of community exposure to the virus.

引用

页码：159 / 170

页数：12

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