Six-dimensional light-front Wigner distribution of the pion

We study the recently defined six-dimensional light-front Wigner distributions for the pion case. By using the light-cone spectator model, we calculate the Wigner distributions of the unpolarized, longitudinalpolarized, and transversely-polarized quark in the pion. We present the numerical results of six-dimensional light-front Wigner distributions by fixing certain coordinates. The Wigner distributions exhibit a diffraction pattern in the longitudinal position space, in similar to the single slit diffraction in optics. We also present the numerical results of the three-dimensional distributions in the subspace of longitudinal position and transverse position or transverse momentum coordinates. The six-dimensional light-front Wigner distributions not only contain the most complete information of parton distributions in the hadron, but also provide new physical quantities for future measurements. (c) 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.