After George Floyd was murdered by police, teachers, alongside the leaders of their unions and professional associations, confronted urgent calls to address racism in their communities, schools, and classrooms, just as they were concluding an academic year rendered chaotic by COVID-19. This article leverages four waves of semistructured interviews with teachers' union and association leaders embedded in 14 states and 45 school districts to investigate how and why teachers' unions responded to those calls during 2020 and 2021. Local leaders were more likely to have taken concrete steps if they were serving urban or suburban and predominantly Democratic communities. Most commonly, unions offered symbolic gestures of support or sought to develop their capacity to recognize and understand bias.
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Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Med Coll Hosp, Dept Community Med, Perambalur, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDhanalakshmi Srinivasan Med Coll Hosp, Dept Community Med, Perambalur, Tamil Nadu, India
George, Neethu
Britto, Rock
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Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Med Coll Hosp, Dept Community Med, Perambalur, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDhanalakshmi Srinivasan Med Coll Hosp, Dept Community Med, Perambalur, Tamil Nadu, India
Britto, Rock
Vignesh, Nawin Jai
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Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Med Coll Hosp, Dept Community Med, Perambalur, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDhanalakshmi Srinivasan Med Coll Hosp, Dept Community Med, Perambalur, Tamil Nadu, India
Vignesh, Nawin Jai
Suresh, Janani Shree
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Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Med Coll Hosp, Dept Community Med, Perambalur, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDhanalakshmi Srinivasan Med Coll Hosp, Dept Community Med, Perambalur, Tamil Nadu, India
Suresh, Janani Shree
Navarajan, Jaswini
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Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Med Coll Hosp, Dept Community Med, Perambalur, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDhanalakshmi Srinivasan Med Coll Hosp, Dept Community Med, Perambalur, Tamil Nadu, India
Navarajan, Jaswini
Shanmugam, Jayashree
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Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Med Coll Hosp, Dept Community Med, Perambalur, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDhanalakshmi Srinivasan Med Coll Hosp, Dept Community Med, Perambalur, Tamil Nadu, India
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Interamer Court Human Rights, San Jose 69061000, Costa Rica
Univ Tecnol Peru, Fac Law, Arequipa 04001, PeruInteramer Court Human Rights, San Jose 69061000, Costa Rica
Rodriguez Reveggino, Bruno
Becerra-Bolanos, Angel
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Hosp Univ Gran Canaria Doctor Negrin, Dept Anesthesiol, Las Palmas Gran Canaria 35010, Spain
Hosp Univ Gran Canaria Doctor Negrin, Intens Care Unit, Las Palmas Gran Canaria 35010, Spain
Univ Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Med & Surg Sci, Las Palmas Gran Canaria 35001, SpainInteramer Court Human Rights, San Jose 69061000, Costa Rica
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Univ Calif San Francisco East Bay, Dept Surg, Oakland, CA USA
UCSF East Bay, Dept Surg, 1411 E 31st St, Oakland, CA 94602 USAUniv Calif San Francisco East Bay, Dept Surg, Oakland, CA USA
Banks, Kian C.
Mooney, Colin M.
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Univ Calif San Francisco East Bay, Dept Surg, Oakland, CA USAUniv Calif San Francisco East Bay, Dept Surg, Oakland, CA USA
Mooney, Colin M.
Borthwell, Rachel
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Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Surg, San Francisco, CA USAUniv Calif San Francisco East Bay, Dept Surg, Oakland, CA USA
Borthwell, Rachel
Victorino, Kealia
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Univ Calif San Francisco East Bay, Dept Surg, Oakland, CA USAUniv Calif San Francisco East Bay, Dept Surg, Oakland, CA USA
Victorino, Kealia
Coutu, Sophia
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Univ Calif San Francisco East Bay, Dept Surg, Oakland, CA USAUniv Calif San Francisco East Bay, Dept Surg, Oakland, CA USA
Coutu, Sophia
Mazzolini, Kirea
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Univ Calif San Francisco East Bay, Dept Surg, Oakland, CA USAUniv Calif San Francisco East Bay, Dept Surg, Oakland, CA USA
Mazzolini, Kirea
Dzubnar, Jessica
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Univ Calif San Francisco East Bay, Dept Surg, Oakland, CA USAUniv Calif San Francisco East Bay, Dept Surg, Oakland, CA USA
Dzubnar, Jessica
Browder, Timothy D.
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Univ Calif San Francisco East Bay, Dept Surg, Oakland, CA USAUniv Calif San Francisco East Bay, Dept Surg, Oakland, CA USA
Browder, Timothy D.
Victorino, Gregory P.
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Univ Calif San Francisco East Bay, Dept Surg, Oakland, CA USAUniv Calif San Francisco East Bay, Dept Surg, Oakland, CA USA
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Florida Int Univ, Robert Stempel Coll Publ Hlth & Social Work, Dept Hlth Promot & Dis Prevent, Miami, FL 33199 USAFlorida Int Univ, Robert Stempel Coll Publ Hlth & Social Work, Dept Hlth Promot & Dis Prevent, Miami, FL 33199 USA
Lee, Ian J.
Ahmed, Nasar U.
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Florida Int Univ, Robert Stempel Coll Publ Hlth & Social Work, Dept Epidemiol, Miami, FL 33199 USA
Amer Coll Epidemiol ACE, Council Epidemiol Chairs & Directors, New York, NY USAFlorida Int Univ, Robert Stempel Coll Publ Hlth & Social Work, Dept Hlth Promot & Dis Prevent, Miami, FL 33199 USA
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Univ Lusofona, Ctr Univ Lisboa, Escola Ciencias Econ & Org, TRIE, Campo Grande 376, P-1749024 Lisbon, PortugalUniv Lusofona, Ctr Univ Lisboa, Escola Ciencias Econ & Org, TRIE, Campo Grande 376, P-1749024 Lisbon, Portugal
Marques-Quinteiro, Pedro
Leon, Gloria
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Univ Minnesota, Dept Psychol, Minneapolis, MN USAUniv Lusofona, Ctr Univ Lisboa, Escola Ciencias Econ & Org, TRIE, Campo Grande 376, P-1749024 Lisbon, Portugal