Correspondence measure: a review for the digital twin standardization

This study delves into the critical issue of Digital Twin (DT) technology standardization, focusing on introducing a novel approach called "correspondence measure." We draw upon extensive literature review and case study analyses to investigate existing standardization methods, identifying sector-specific and problem-specific strategies. We also underline the importance of interoperability, data privacy and security, real-time synchronization, and accuracy and fidelity in the standardization of DTs. Unveiling the intricacies of the "correspondence measure," we elucidate its potential in enhancing the standardization process by providing a standardized measure of the accuracy and reliability of a digital twin concerning its physical counterpart. Furthermore, we discuss the applications of our proposed method in various sectors such as manufacturing, healthcare, aerospace, maritime and shipping, and city management. Our findings suggest that the "correspondence measure" can significantly contribute to the existing standardization approaches by facilitating a better understanding of the DT's behavior, thereby fostering trust in these digital replications. This paper not only offers a theoretical contribution to the literature on DT standardization but also provides practical insights for the stakeholders involved in developing, implementing, and managing digital twins.