Quantum image encryption scheme using independent bit-plane permutation and Baker map

Quantum image encryption can take full advantage of superposition and entanglement properties of the qubit to improve efficiency and security. To further enhance the security of image encryption, a novel quantum scheme based on proposed independent bit-plane permutation is presented in this paper. Firstly, the gray-scale image is represented with a bit-plane representation of quantum images model to facilitate subsequent processing. Then, the quantum Baker map (QBM) is applied to each bit-plane to permutate bit positions, which will not only change the corresponding pixel positions but also change pixel values. As the partition parameters and iteration parameters of QBM can be different for different bit-planes, the key space is enlarged. Finally, the permutated image is diffused to obtain encrypted image by quantum controlled XOR operations and recently proposed sine chaotification model. Experimental results and security analysis verify that the proposed quantum image encryption algorithm has good performance in terms of statistical characteristics, key sensitivity, robustness, and so on.