Local versus Systemic Therapy for Noninfectious Uveitis (NIU)

The mainstay of treatment for noninfectious uveitis (NIU) is immunosuppressant therapy. This may come in a localized form that is administered specifically to the eye or a systemic form that penetrates ocular tissues. Over the last twenty years, both local and systemic treatments have undergone advancements in pharmaceutical development. In this review, we will discuss new therapies and analyze the risks and benefits for all existing NIU therapies. Some of these therapies include topical, intravitreal, periocular, and systemic steroids, as well as systemic antimetabolites, tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors, T-cell inhibitors, anti-CD 20 agents, interleukin-6 inhibitors, alkylating agents, and intravenous immunoglobulin.