Nanoelectromechanical systems from two-dimensional materials

被引:14
|
作者
Ferrari, Paolo F. [1 ]
Kim, SunPhil [1 ]
van der Zande, Arend M. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
[2] Univ Illinois, Mat Res Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
关键词
GRAPHENE MECHANICAL RESONATORS; LARGE-SCALE ARRAYS; MONOLAYER GRAPHENE; SUSPENDED GRAPHENE; NANOMECHANICAL RESONATORS; PARAMETRIC AMPLIFICATION; CARBON NANOTUBES; PRESSURE SENSOR; SILICON-NITRIDE; SINGLE;
D O I
10.1063/5.0106731
中图分类号
O59 [应用物理学];
学科分类号
摘要
Micro- and nanoelectromechanical systems have numerous applications in sensing and signal transduction. Many properties benefit from reducing the system size to the nanoscale, such as increased responsivity, enhanced tunability, lower power consumption, and higher spatial density. Two-dimensional (2D) materials represent the ultimate limit of thickness, offering unprecedented new capabilities due to their natural nanoscale dimensions, high stability, high mechanical strength, and easy electronic integration. Here, we review the primary design principles, properties, applications, opportunities, and challenges of 2D materials as the building blocks of NEMS (2D NEMS) with a focus on nanomechanical resonators. First, we review the techniques used to design, fabricate, and transduce the motion of 2D NEMS. Then, we describe the dynamic behavior of 2D NEMS including vibrational eigenmodes, frequency, nonlinear behavior, and dissipation. We highlight the crucial features of 2D NEMS that enhance or expand the functionalities found in conventional NEMS, such as high tunability and rich nonlinear dynamics. Next, we overview the demonstrated applications of 2D NEMS as sensors and actuators, comparing their performance metrics to those of commercial MEMS. Finally, we provide a perspective on the future directions of 2D NEMS, such as hybrid quantum systems, integration of active 2D layers into nanomechanical devices, and low-friction interfaces in micromachines.
引用
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页数:39
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