Imaging of Head Trauma Pearls and Pitfalls

TBI is considered one of the significant health and socioeconomic problems globally. It can be classi-fied into mild, moderate, and severe degrees by using the GCS, which may predict patient out-comes after acute brain damage. Imaging currently plays a vital role in TBI, particularly NCCT, which has been accepted as first-line imaging. In contrast, MR imaging has a role in the case of unremarkable CT finding with a persistent unexplained cognitive or neurologic deficit. Additional vascular studies (CT/MR angiography and CT/MR venography) should be performed in cases suspected of vascular injuries such as skull base fractures and skull fractures extending to dural venous sinus or jugular bulb. Familiar with the imaging findings of TBI, including primary and secondary injuries and pitfalls, is essential for radiologists as part of a trauma team, leading to prompt and precise diag-nosis for the best patient care.