Extraction of Iron and Alumina from Red Mud with a Non-Harmful Magnetization Sintering Process

被引:8
作者
Chen, Rui [1 ,2 ]
Shi, Lin [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Huang, Haoyong [1 ,2 ]
Yuan, Jie [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] South China Univ Technol, Sch Environm & Energy, Guangzhou 510006, Peoples R China
[2] South China Univ Technol, Key Lab Pollut Control & Ecosyst Restorat Ind Clus, Minist Educ, Guangzhou 510006, Peoples R China
[3] Zhongshan Inst Modern Ind Technol SCUT, Zhongshan 528400, Peoples R China
关键词
red mud; harmless utilization; mineralogical analysis; MgFe2O4; leaching parameter; RECOVERY; MGFE2O4; TEMPERATURE; ADSORPTION; SYSTEM; PHASE; OXIDE; SLAG;
D O I
10.3390/min13030452
中图分类号
P3 [地球物理学]; P59 [地球化学];
学科分类号
0708 ; 070902 ;
摘要
Red mud, which could cause numerous problems to the environment, is a hazardous waste generated from the alumina smelting industry. In general, the storage and harmless utilization of red mud are hard to implement due to its fine particle size and high alkalinity. This study put forward a novel process to separate iron (MgFe2O4) and alumina (Al2O3) in red mud by a magnetization sintering method. The magnesium oxide was added to transform the nonmagnetic Fe2O3 into magnetic MgFe2O4 to achieve physical separation of iron-bearing minerals, and the alumina-bearing minerals were converted into dissoluble NaAlO2 minerals in a one-step reaction. The atmospheric pressure leaching process was adopted in this study for alumina resource recovery. To achieve clean alumina production, the silicate in the leaching solution was removed by adding the slightly soluble CaSO4, and the entire process becomes clean and harmless. The feasibility of the process was verified by thermodynamic analysis, and a series of experiments were performed to detect the optimum MgO/(Fe2O3 + MgO) ratio and the calcining and leaching conditions. The morphological and mineralogical characteristics of modified red mud, leaching red mud, and magnetic separation product were studied by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). It was observed that under the optimal conditions with MgO/(Fe2O3 + MgO) of 14.89% to recover iron and aluminum, the corresponding recovery rates were 67.54% and 73.01% respectively, and the iron grade was 30.46%. The EDS results showed that the obtained Mg/Fe ratio of the magnetic separation product was 0.4677-0.528, which is slightly different from that of the standard MgFe2O4 at 0.5. This new method can promote the development of comprehensive utilization of red mud and iron production.
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页数:19
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