Autoimmune Thyroid Disorders: The Mediterranean Diet as a Protective Choice

被引：14

作者：

Ruggeri, Rosaria Maddalena ^{[1
]}

Barbalace, Maria Cristina ^{[2
]}

Croce, Laura ^{[3
]}

Malaguti, Marco ^{[2
]}

Campenni, Alfredo ^{[4
]}

Rotondi, Mario ^{[3
]}

Cannavo, Salvatore ^{[1
]}

Hrelia, Silvana ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Messina, Dept Human Pathol Adulthood & Childhood DETEV G Ba, Endocrinol Unit, I-98125 Messina, Italy

[2] Univ Bologna, Dept Life Qual Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, I-40126 Bologna, Italy

[3] Univ Pavia, Dept Internal Med & Therapeut, Unit Endocrinol & Metab, Ist Clin Sci Maugeri,Lab Endocrine Disruptors,Ist, I-27100 Pavia, Italy

[4] Univ Messina, Dept Biomed & Dent Sci & Morpho Funct Imaging, Unit Nucl Med, I-98124 Messina, Italy

来源：

NUTRIENTS | 2023年 / 15卷 / 18期

关键词：

autoimmune thyroid diseases; Hashimoto's thyroiditis; Mediterranean diet; Western diet; vegetarianism; oxidative stress; FIBROBLAST-LIKE SYNOVIOCYTES; ULTRA-PROCESSED FOODS; VITAMIN-D; SELENIUM SUPPLEMENTATION; HASHIMOTOS-THYROIDITIS; METABOLIC SYNDROME; OXIDATIVE STRESS; OLIVE OIL; IODINE-DEFICIENCY; LIPID MEDIATORS;

D O I：

10.3390/nu15183953

中图分类号：

R15 [营养卫生、食品卫生]; TS201 [基础科学];

学科分类号：

100403 ;

摘要：

Autoimmune thyroid diseases are on the rise worldwide, and such a rapid increase is mainly driven by environmental factors related to changed lifestyles in "modern" societies. In this context, diet seems to play a crucial role. An unhealthy high-energy diet, rich in animal fat and proteins, salt and refined sugars (the so-called "Western diet") negatively influences the risk of autoimmunity by altering the immune balance and the gut microbiota composition, enhancing oxidative stress and promoting inflammation. In contrast, the Mediterranean diet represents a unique model of healthy eating, characterized by a high intake of food from vegetable sources, a low consumption of saturated fats in favor of unsaturated fats (mainly, olive oil), a moderate consumption of fish (typically, the small oily fishes) and dairy products, as well as a moderate consumption of wine at meals, and a low intake of meat. Thanks to its nutritional components, the Mediterranean Diet positively influences immune system function, gut microbiota composition, and redox homeostasis, exerting anti-oxidants, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. The present review was aimed at exploring the existing knowledge on the correlations between dietary habits and thyroid autoimmunity, to evaluate the role of the Mediterranean diet as a protective model.

引用

页数：22

共 173 条

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