A Review on Hydrogen Production from Biomass and Commercialization Assessment Through Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs)

In the current condition, hydrogen energy has the potential to be a sustainable fuel for the future as energy becomes more important every day. As the population grows and the economy expands, energy consumption is increasing. However, greenhouse gas emissions are also a concern. One solution to these problems is the use of clean energy sources, like renewable energy. Hydrogen is a clean alternative fuel that produces no carbon dioxide emissions. It is made from organic waste through biochemical and thermochemical techniques, with dual waste management and energy generation benefits. This article explores different methods for producing hydrogen from different feedstocks. The focus is on bio-hydrogen technology as an eco-friendly and sustainable energy source, and the article evaluates the technology commercialization and research initiatives that have measured its helpfulness for researchers and industrialists. The article reviews previous research on biohydrogen generation methods and assesses their stage of development using technology readiness levels (TRLs). This assessment provides insight into areas for technical improvement in biohydrogen generation and future research initiatives.