Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management

Purpose of ReviewThis review highlights the role of eosinophilic mucus plugs in the bronchi and IgE immune responses in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA).Recent FindingsIn addition to type I hypersensitivity to fungi, extracellular trap cell death of eosinophils is closely associated with disease mechanisms. In addition, biologics targeting either the IgE- or eosinophil-mediated pathways may be effective in the treatment of ABPA. Therefore, new diagnostic criteria focusing on both pathways have been validated as being more useful than the existing criteria.Eosinophilic mucus plug formation in the bronchi due to the IL-5/IL-5 receptor/eosinophil pathway and type I hypersensitivity to fungi due to allergic or IgE-mediated pathway are important for disease pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management.