Spirituality, religiosity, stress, working from home and gender amidst the COVID-19 pandemic

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to focus on the role of stress and work from home and their influence on the frequency of praying (spirituality) and attending ritual services (religiosity). Design/methodology/approachDrawing from a data set from Understanding Society (COVID-19 study) in the UK from 5,357 participants, this study specifies a two-level mixed-effects ordered-probit regression to test the main hypotheses and chi-square (x(2)) analysis, gamma (& gamma;) and tau-b (& tau;(b)) for checking the robustness of this study results. FindingsThe findings of this study exhort with statistical confidence that spirituality is positively related to religiosity. Working from home positively influences individuals' spiritual and religious needs, while attending religious services in person is associated with less stress. Females have been found to be more likely to pray rather than attend religious services. Originality/valueThis study investigates the role of work from home and stress on spirituality and religiosity, two key elements often forgotten in personal life and copying. This paper considers spirituality as the frequency of praying, while religiosity is the frequency of attending rituals, which religion has institutionalised.