Eco-friendly synthesis by Rosemary extract and characterization of Fe3O4@SiO2 magnetic nanocomposite as a potential adsorbent for enhanced arsenic removal from aqueous solution: isotherm and kinetic studies

Recently, arsenic polluted groundwater water has become a big concern because it damages the health of humans as well as many dangers to drinking water supplies and ecosystems. Hence, an effective technique of simultaneous oxidation of As(III) to As(V), and removal of As(V) from water has gained growing attention. In this study, Rosemary extract was used in a precipitation/sonication one-pot method to synthesize Fe3O4/SiO2 nanocomposite. The capacity of the Fe3O4/SiO2 nanocomposite to remove arsenic from water as an adsorbent was studied. XRD, SEM, EDX, VSM, and FTIR techniques were used to characterize the final product. XRD pattern presented the absence of any impurities and minor, and SEM identified low agglomerated spherical particles. Reported image produced via nanosizer analysis depicts narrow size distribution. The saturation magnetization rate was 28.32 emu/g, suitable for collecting the nanocomposite from water by the magnetic field. Moreover, the isotherm and kinetics of arsenic removal from the nanocomposite were examined further. The Langmuir model best suited the acquired data, confirming an adsorption capacity of approximately 49 mg g(-1). Additionally, the adsorption kinetic was identified to be in line with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Therefore, the synthesized magnetic nanocomposite is an effective adsorbent to remove arsenic from water.