Adverse Effects of Oxytetracycline Hydrochloride, Florfenicol, Sulphadimethoxine and Ormetoprim in Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) at Therapeutic Dose and Maximum Residual Limit (MRL) Level

Background: In Aquaculture sector, antibiotics are commonly used for treating many diseases and to promote fish growth. Since, many antibiotics have been used improperly, their deposition in aquatic environment causes toxic effects in fish. However, studies on the toxicity of antibiotics in fish is very low. This study explains about the adverse/toxic effects of commonly used antibiotics (Oxytetracycline hydrochloride, florfenicol, Sulphadimethoxine and ormetoprim) in fish. Inspite of their positive effects, antibiotics are able to cause damage to metabolic system and organs. Accordingly, there are serious worries about the harmfulness of antibiotics in fish and further exploration and methodologies are expected to forestall them in different regions of the world. Methods: The study explores whether the presence of antibiotics alter the normal functioning of organs in Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Hematology, biochemical parameters and histopathological examination have been carried out to determine the effect of antibiotics. Result: The present study revealed that the presence of antibiotics elevates toxic and biochemical lesions in Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). This study will contribute to the updating on the effect of antibiotics on fish.