Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome: A Complication of Acute Renal Failure in a Child

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinico-radiological entity occurring during several conditions and more frequently in those associated with severe hypertension. The diagnostic approach is possible by considering the clinical context and MRI data, where white matter abnormalities are observed predominantly in the parietal and occipital territories secondary to the formation of a vasogenic edema. The evolution is characterized by a reversibility of the lesions in case of early diagnosis and management. The authors report a case of reversible posterior encephalopathy in a 12-year-old child who presented with a status epilepticus, revealing an acute renal failure.