Skid resistance of cement concrete pavement in highway tunnel: A review

Deep insight on the skid resistance of highway tunnel pavement is vital to driving safety of vehicles. This paper presents a review on the skid resistance of cement concrete pavement in highway tunnel. Firstly, this paper summarizes the pavement working environment in highway tunnel. Secondly, tire-pavement friction mechanism, friction measurement methods and the pavement skid resistance inside and outside highway tunnel are reviewed and discussed. Then, the pavement surface texture and the measurement methods are provided and discussed. The anti-skid evaluation models are also reviewed. Finally, the anti-skid methods of cement concrete pavement including resurfacing techniques, and anti-skid overlays are overviewed. Research results show that hysteresis and adhesion can be considered as the main effects contributing to the overall friction force. But the interface contact issues of rubber are also significant for the tire-pavement friction mechanism, which are recommended for further study. Friction measurement methods have different application conditions and indicators. There remains a need to further conduct normalization research on different friction measurement methods. For pavement texture measurement methods, non-contact measurement methods exhibit greater potential for application in pavement texture measurement. Compared with the traditional empirical models, the finite element models can not only provide higher accuracy and reliability in evaluating tire-pavement interaction, but also be more cost-effective and efficient. However, the pavement texture morphology, in particular, pavement micro-texture takes a significant role in investigating the micro-contact, which requires more attention. For tire dynamics models, adaptive models possess substantial potential in tire dynamics modeling and simulation. Compared with resurfacing techniques, anti-skid overlays can provide higher skid resistance and longer service life. The Novachip ultra-thin wearing layer presents a more promising outlook for application in highway tunnel pavement compared to other anti-skid overlays.