Diagnostic value of soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor in patients with acute coronary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: In contemporary clinical practice, there is an increasing need for new clinically relevant biomarkers potentially optimizing management strategies in patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This study aimed to determine the diagnostic utility of soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) levels in individuals with suspected ACS. Methods: A literature search was performed in Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases, for studies comparing suPAR levels among patients with and without ACS groups. The methodological quality of the included papers was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. A fixed-effects model was used if I2 < 50%; otherwise, the random-effects model was performed. Results: Five studies with 3417 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled analysis showed that mean suPAR levels in the ACS group were statistically significantly higher than in the control group (3.56 +/- 1.38 vs. 2.78 +/- 0.54 ng/mL, respectively; mean difference: 1.04; 95% confidence interval: 0.64-1.44; I2 = 99%; p < 0.001). Conclusions: In the context of ACS, suPAR is a potential biomarker for the early identification of medical conditions in individuals who are being treated in emergency rooms. (Cardiol J)