Examining the feasibility of a bi-evaporator cooling/electricity cycle: A comprehensive analysis of thermodynamic, economic, and environmental aspects, and bi-objective optimization

Although geothermal energy is generally considered benign, it still has its share of problems, including the emission of greenhouse gases that harm the environment. To make informed decisions about geothermal systems, it is imperative to study their environmental impacts. This study uses six approaches to propose and analyze an innovative geothermal-driven bi-evaporator cooling/electricity plan. The proposed efficient design is made of a single-flash cycle and the integration of a modified vapor compression cycle and ejector cooling system assisted by a thermoelectric power generator device. Exergoenvironmental and extended-environmental assessments are performed to examine the environmental impacts of the current devised scheme, including calculating CO2 emissions rate and sustainability index. The suggested plan's performance in the basic design mode using 14 various working fluids showed that R143m had the highest exergetic efficiency, lowest exergoenvironmental index, and lowest cost of production at 35.9%, 0.6002, and 24.67$/GJ, respectively. This working fluid was used for parametric study and bi-objective optimization, which revealed that the vapor generator destroys 157.7 kW of exergy at the optimal point. Additionally, the vapor turbine is the most expensive component at 14.44$/h. Pareto frontier also indicates that the final chosen optimal mode (scenario C) has 27.02% energetic efficiency and 21.33$/GJ production cost, which are higher than the base scenario by 12.55% and 15.66%, respectively. In addition, the optimal scenario reduces the payback period to 8.64 years from 15.68 years in the base scenario.