The fitness consequences of human-wildlife interactions on foraging common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in Sarasota Bay, Florida

被引:2
作者
DiMaggio, Kylee M. [1 ,3 ,4 ]
Acevedo, Miguel A. [2 ]
McHugh, Katherine A. [3 ]
Wilkinson, Krystan A. [3 ]
Allen, Jason B. [3 ]
Wells, Randall S. [3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Florida, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Gainesville, FL USA
[2] Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, Gainesville, FL USA
[3] Chicago Zool Soc, Sarasota Dolphin Res Program, Mote Marine Lab, Sarasota, FL USA
[4] Mote Marine Lab, Chicago Zool Soc, Sarasota Dolphin Res Program, 1600 Ken Thompson Pkwy, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA
关键词
behavior; fitness; foraging; hazard; human-wildlife conflict; Kaplan-Meier; reproductive success; survival; wildlife management; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; LIFE-HISTORY; SURVIVAL; COAST; CONFLICT; IMPACTS; GEAR;
D O I
10.1111/mms.13042
中图分类号
Q17 [水生生物学];
学科分类号
071004 ;
摘要
Human-wildlife interactions (HI) are becoming more prevalent with increasing human population. These interactions could have important eco-evolutionary consequences that become apparent only after observing populations for multiple generations. Here, we analyzed 28 years (1993-2020) of data from the world's longest-running study of a wild dolphin population to assess the fitness consequences of HI on common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in Sarasota Bay, Florida. We investigated how human-related foraging activities such as depredation, begging, and patrolling mediate reproductive output and reproductive success of conditioned (HI) and unconditioned (non-HI) females. The analysis of 84 females and their 286 calves born during 1993-2020 found a confluence of effects on individual fitness. Reproductive output of females engaging in moderate levels of human-related foraging was 94% greater than that of non-HI females. However, high frequencies of human-related foraging had a negative effect on female reproductive success by increasing the risk of calf death up to nine times when compared to non-HI females, resulting in 31% less calf survival. These findings provide evidence that human-wildlife interactions have considerable potential to catalyze population-level changes by altering individual fitness, and demonstrate the value of comprehensive, long-term data to better understand the ecological and evolutionary implications of human-wildlife conflict.
引用
收藏
页码:1161 / 1177
页数:17
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