Contextualizing Adverse Childhood Experiences: The Intersections of Individual and Community Adversity

被引:15
作者
Warner, Tara D. [1 ]
Leban, Lindsay [1 ]
Pester, Danielle A. [2 ]
Walker, Jeffery T. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Criminal Justice, 1201 Univ Boulevard,UBOB 210, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA
[2] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Ctr Study Community Hlth, 901 13th St S, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA
关键词
Adverse childhood experiences; Neighborhood disadvantage; Community adversity; Violence; Victimization; SUBSTANCE USE; NEIGHBORHOOD DISADVANTAGE; HOUSEHOLD DYSFUNCTION; HEALTH OUTCOMES; MENTAL-HEALTH; DRUG-USE; MALTREATMENT; VIOLENCE; ABUSE; SAMPLE;
D O I
10.1007/s10964-022-01713-2
中图分类号
B844 [发展心理学(人类心理学)];
学科分类号
040202 ;
摘要
Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are traumatic childhood events that can undermine youth development, and are linked to chronic health problems, mental illness, and risk-taking behaviors in adulthood. ACEs are preventable, yet effective response strategies require comprehensive conceptualization and measurement of adversity. Although typically measured as individual experiences in the family and home (e.g., abuse, neglect), adversity also exists outside the home, in the many contexts in which youth development unfolds (e.g., communities, neighborhoods). Yet, such contexts and experiences are often absent in ACEs research. Using data from a nationally representative youth sample, this study addresses that gap, advancing a measure that contextualizes individual-level ACEs within social and structural domains of community-level adversity. Among 13,267 youth (mean age = 15.25 [range 12-18]; 51% female; 71% White; 13% Black; 10% Hispanic; 3% Asian; 2% American Indian/Multiracial), 61% and 73% were exposed to at least one individual and community ACE, respectively, while 15% of youth reported severe individual ACE exposure (>= 3 ACEs) and 20% were exposed to severe (>= 3) community ACEs. All ACE exposures were associated with problem behaviors later in adolescence, but youth reporting both severe individual and community ACEs were especially at high risk for later violence, delinquency, and other health-risk behaviors. These findings highlight that community adversity exacerbates the damaging effects of individual/family adversity and thus should be addressed in efforts to prevent ACEs and reduce their long-term harm.
引用
收藏
页码:570 / 584
页数:15
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