Anti-integrin αvβ6 autoantibodies in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis

BackgroundPatients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) possess autoantibodies against biliary epithelial cells. However, the target molecules remain unknown.MethodsThe sera of patients with PSC and controls were subjected to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to detect autoantibodies using recombinant integrin proteins. Integrin alpha v beta 6 expression in the bile duct tissues was examined using immunofluorescence. The blocking activity of the autoantibodies was examined using solid-phase binding assays.ResultsAnti-integrin alpha v beta 6 antibodies were detected in 49/55 (89.1%) patients with PSC and 5/150 (3.3%) controls (P < 0.001), with a sensitivity and specificity of 89.1% and 96.7%, respectively, for PSC diagnosis. When focusing on the presence or absence of IBD, the proportion of the positive antibodies in PSC with IBD was 97.2% (35/36) and that in PSC alone was 73.7% (14/19) (P = 0.008). Integrin alpha v beta 6 was expressed in bile duct epithelial cells. Immunoglobulin (Ig)G from 15/33 patients with PSC blocked integrin alpha v beta 6-fibronectin binding through an RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) tripeptide motif.ConclusionsAutoantibodies against integrin alpha v beta 6 were detected in most patients with PSC; anti-integrin alpha v beta 6 antibody may serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker for PSC.