State-of-the-Art Technologies in Fault Diagnosis of Electric Vehicles: A Component-Based Review

Electric vehicle (EV) is crucial for future transportation which will improve fuel economy and contributes toward the reduction of emissions. EVs are becoming an increasingly integrated component of transportation in order to fulfill ever-increasing demands for improved performance with safety and reduced environmental impact. Therefore, to increase the efficiency and reduce the maintenance cost of these vehicles, an early fault diagnosis (FD) system is essential. This enables early detection for deterioration of the vehicle's health, alleviating a proactive solution and reducing the sudden component breakdown. Keeping the need for further research in mind, this article provides a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art condition monitoring (CM) and FD strategies for various components of EVs. The challenges and suggestions for future work on emerging technology in an EV are also addressed to promote further targeted research activities based on the current needs.