Non-canonical structures (NCS) refer to the various forms of DNA that differ from the B-conformation described by Watson and Crick. It has been found that these structures are usual components of the genome, actively participating in its essential functions. The present review is focused on the nine kinds of NCS appearing or likely to appear in human ribosomal DNA (rDNA): supercoiling structures, R-loops, G-quadruplexes, i-motifs, DNA triplexes, cruciform structures, DNA bubbles, and A and Z DNA conformations. We discuss the conditions of their generation, including their sequence specificity, distribution within the locus, dynamics, and beneficial and detrimental role in the cell.
机构:
Department of Molecular Genetics, Ohio State University, 500 Aronoff Laboratory, Columbus, 43210, OHDepartment of Molecular Genetics, Ohio State University, 500 Aronoff Laboratory, Columbus, 43210, OH
Cuerda-Gil D.
Slotkin R.K.
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机构:
Department of Molecular Genetics, Ohio State University, 500 Aronoff Laboratory, Columbus, 43210, OH
Center for RNA Biology, Ohio State University, 484 West Twelfth Avenue, Columbus, 43210, OHDepartment of Molecular Genetics, Ohio State University, 500 Aronoff Laboratory, Columbus, 43210, OH