The Influence of Caramel Carbon Quantum Dots and Caramel on Platelet Aggregation, Protein Glycation and Lipid Peroxidation

被引:3
作者
Kotanska, Magdalena [1 ]
Wojtaszek, Konrad [2 ]
Kubacka, Monika [3 ]
Bednarski, Marek [1 ]
Nicosia, Noemi [4 ]
Wojnicki, Marek [2 ]
Mottillo, Emilio
Putman, Ashley K.
机构
[1] Jagiellonian Univ Med Coll, Dept Pharmacol Screening, 9 Med St, PL-30688 Krakow, Poland
[2] AGH Univ Krakow, Fac Nonferrous Met, Mickiewicza Ave, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland
[3] Jagiellonian Univ Med Coll, Dept Pharmacodynam, 9 Med St, PL-30688 Krakow, Poland
[4] Univ Milano Bicocca, Dept Med & Surg, PhD Program Neurosci, Milan, Italy
关键词
caramel; caramel carbon quantum dots; caramelization; platelet aggregation; protein glycation; lipid peroxidation; erythritol; xylitol; OXIDATIVE STRESS; ASCORBIC-ACID; END-PRODUCTS; KINASE-C; IN-VIVO; GLUCOSE; FRUCTOSE; ACTIVATION; LIPOXIDATION; ENDPRODUCTS;
D O I
10.3390/antiox13010013
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Caramel, defined as a coloring agent and as an antioxidant, is used in several kinds of food products and is consumed by many people in different amounts. In our research we showed that the caramelization of sucrose under special conditions leads to the formation of carbon quantum dots (CQDs). So, it makes sense that humans also consume this type of CQDs, and it is theoretically possible for these particles to affect the body. Despite an increasing number of studies describing different types of CQDs, their biosafety is still not clearly understood. In our in vitro research, we examined the effects on platelet aggregation, protein glycation and lipid peroxidation of CQDs and caramel formed from a 20% sucrose solution. In vitro aggregation tests were conducted using freshly collected whole rat blood in a multiplate platelet function analyzer and measurer of electric impedance. The cytotoxic effect of the tested solutions on blood platelets was evaluated based on the release of lactate dehydrogenase. The formation of glycated bovine serum albumin was measured as fluorescence intensity and fructosamine level. The reducing power of the solutions was determined in adipose tissue, and their effect on lipid peroxidation in adipose tissue in vitro was also assessed. By measuring the intensity of hemolysis after incubation in solutions with red blood cell, we assessed their influence on the integration of the red blood cell membrane. All tests were performed in comparison with glucose and fructose and other frequently used sweeteners, such as erythritol and xylitol. Our study showed that caramel and CQDs formed from caramel may influence the glycation process and integrity of the red blood cell membrane, but unlike glucose and fructose, they decrease lipid peroxidation and may reduce Fe (III). Additionally, it is unlikely that they affect platelet aggregation. Compared to glucose and fructose, they may be safer for patients with metabolic disorders; however, further research is needed on the safety and biological activity of caramel and CQD.
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页数:21
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