Constructing a simple and sensitive electrochemical sensor for the determination of venlafaxine based on Fe3O4@SiO2/MWCNT nanocomposite-modified screen-printed electrode

Venlafaxine (VEN) is one of the antidepressants belonging to the general family of the selective norepinephrine and serotonin reuptake inhibitors. However, an overdose of VEN might cause the symptoms of serotonin toxicity, depression, cardiac conduction abnormalities, or seizure. In the current work, a simple, cost-efficient, and sensitive electrochemical sensor for determination of venlafaxine was described. Firstly, Fe3O4@SiO2/MWCNT (FSMW) nanocomposite was synthesized and after characteristics assesses its, has been utilized for modification of screen-printed electrode (FSMW/SPE) as working electrode for electrochemical determination of venlafaxine. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), chronoamperometry (CHA), and cyclic voltammetry (CV) have been also employed for electrochemical detection of venlafaxine and characterization of the modified electrode. The electron transfer coefficient (& alpha; = 0.3) and diffusion coefficient (D = 2.9 x 10(- 6) cm(2) s(-1)) of venlafaxine oxidation at the surface of FSMW/SPE were determined using electrochemical approaches. Venlafaxine's reduction peak current was greatly increased by the modified electrode while its overpotential was decreased. The FSMW/SPE showed a linear current response for oxidation of venlafaxine between 0.5 and 200.0 & mu;M with a 0.3 & mu;M limit of detection (LOD). Additionally, the modified electrode has been effectively used to identify venlafaxine's existence in actual samples.