Green Bonds - Sustainable Forms of Financing

Green bonds are fixed-income financial instruments that resemble conventional bonds but differ from them in the purpose of issuance. Since their purpose is to finance socially responsible and environmentally sustainable projects, they are linked to ESG criteria and have only been present in the financial market for a relatively short time. Despite the increasing presence of green bonds in recent years, many countries have not yet recognized the importance of this form of financing because they have not issued green bonds. In the context of the research objective, this paper defines the purpose of issuing green bonds under adverse climatic conditions that pose systemic risk to financial systems. The paper stands out the importance of the regulatory framework needed for the further development of the green bond market in the world. With an overview of green bond representation by region in the world and a special focus on Europe, this paper offers conclusions and recommendations for future development.