S, N co-doped carbon material functionalized catalytic membrane for efficient peroxymonosulfate activation and continuous refractory pollutants flow-treatment

Peroxymonosulfate (PMS) coupled with membrane technology shows great potential for refractory pollutants treatment. A simple method was developed to construct a highly efficient catalytic system consisting of S, N co-doped porous carbon (SNC) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) catalytic membrane. The degradation efficiency of tetracycline hydrochloride achieved a minimum of 91 %. The introduction of N and S dopants improved the defect density of the catalytic membrane, with graphite-N promoting PMS activation to generate 1O2, and thiophene S might be consumed or converted into oxidation-S as an active site during TC degradation. Loading SNC onto the PVDF membrane significantly enhanced its anti-pollution performance. The SNC/PVDF active catalytic membrane exhibited excellent degradation performance for various pollutants, maintaining an effi-ciency of approximately 80 % even after continuous degradation for 360 min. This work presents a novel cat-alytic membrane design that offers a promising approach to effectively treat refractory pollutants in wastewater.