[1] Univ Sains Malaysia, Sch Management, George Town 11800, Malaysia
[2] Southern Tech Univ, Management Tech Coll, Basrah, Iraq
[3] Univ Basrah, Dept Business Adm, Coll Adm & Econ, Basrah, Iraq
[4] Univ Potsdam, Fac Econ & Social Sci, Potsdam, Germany
[5] Univ Sains Malaysia, Grad Sch Business, Gelugor 11700, Penang, Malaysia