Modulating the organic photovoltaic properties of non-fullerene acceptors by molecular modification based on Y6: a theoretical study

被引:13
作者
Zhang, Cai-Rong [1 ]
Yu, Hai-Yuan [1 ]
Zhang, Mei-Ling [1 ]
Liu, Xiao-Meng [1 ]
Chen, Yu-Hong [1 ]
Liu, Zi-Jiang [2 ]
Wu, You-Zhi [3 ]
Chen, Hong-Shan [4 ]
机构
[1] Lanzhou Univ Technol, Dept Appl Phys, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, Peoples R China
[2] Lanzhou Jiaotong Univ, Sch Math & Phys, Lanzhou 730070, Peoples R China
[3] Lanzhou Univ Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, Peoples R China
[4] Northwest Normal Univ, Coll Phys & Elect Engn, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, Peoples R China
基金
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词
ELECTRON-TRANSFER REACTIONS; EFFICIENCY; POLYMER; GENERATION; ENERGY;
D O I
10.1039/d3cp02520a
中图分类号
O64 [物理化学(理论化学)、化学物理学];
学科分类号
070304 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Developing non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) by modifying the backbone, side chains and end groups is the most important strategy to improve the power conversion efficiency of organic solar cells (OSCs). Among numerous developed NFAs, Y6 and its derivatives are famous NFAs in the OSC field due to their good performance. Herein, in order to understand the mechanism of tuning the photovoltaic performance by modifying the Y6's center backbone, & pi;-spacer and side-chains, we selected the PM6:Y6 OSC as a reference and systematically studied PM6:AQx-2, PM6:Y6-T, PM6:Y6-2T, PM6:Y6-O, PM6:Y6-1O and PM6:Y6-2O OSC systems based on extensive quantum chemistry calculations. The results indicate that introducing quinoxaline to substitute thiadiazole in the backbone induces a blue-shift of absorption spectra, reduces the charge transfer (CT) distance (& UDelta;d) and average electrostatic potential (ESP), and increases the singlet-triplet energy gap (& UDelta;EST), CT excitation energy and the number of CT states in low-lying excitations. Inserting thienyl and dithiophenyl as & pi; spacers generates a red-shift of absorption spectra, enlarges & UDelta;d and average ESP, and reduces & UDelta;EST and the number of CT states. Introducing furo[3,2-b]furan for substituting one thieno[3,2-b]thiophene unit in the Y6's backbone causes a red-shift of absorption spectra and increases & UDelta;EST, & UDelta;d and average ESP as well as CT excitation energy. Introducing alkoxyl as a side chain results in a blue-shift of absorption spectra, and increases & UDelta;EST, & UDelta;d, average ESP, CT excitation energy and the number of CT states. The rate constants calculated using Marcus theory suggest that all the molecular modifications of Y6 reduce the exciton dissociation and charge recombination rates at the heterojunction interface, while introducing furo[3,2-b]furan and alkoxyl enlarges CT rates. PM6:Y6, PM6:AQx-2, PM6:Y6-T, PM6:Y6-2T, PM6:Y6-O, PM6:Y6-1O and PM6:Y6-2O OSCs were studied in order to understand how to adjust photovoltaic performance by modifying the Y6's center backbone, & pi;-spacer and side-chains.
引用
收藏
页码:25465 / 25479
页数:15
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