Ethanol extract of propolis alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy via JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) significantly affects quality of life in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. This paper aims to disclose the effect and mechanism of the ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) against DCM. Four phenolic acids and derivatives, and sixteen flavonoids and derivatives were preliminarily identified in EEP via HPLC-DADMS. EEP improved the ability of blood glucose regulation, ameliorated cardiac function, and reduced myocardial oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Myocardial quantitative proteomics showed the significantly enriched KEGG pathway predominantly included JAK-STAT signaling pathway, type I DM, etc. EEP increased cell survival rate, decreased lactate dehydrogenase and malondialdehyde level, and increased superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione and catalase level in high glucose-injured H9c2 cells. EEP significantly increased the mRNA expression level of MCL-1 and IGF-1, decreased that of Caspase-8, Caspase-9 and Caspase-3, and inhibited the phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3. This research provides a basis for the development of propolis against DCM.