Giant panda habitat restoration requires more than just planting bamboo and trees

Planting bamboo and trees is of great importance in giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) habitat restoration. In practice, however, simply planting bamboo and trees cannot effectively and rapidly restore lost, degraded, and fragmented habitats. Based on present restoration work in the Qinling Mountains, China, we argue that: (1) Planting should be done on open and suitable forest lands, but the area that could be afforested is relatively small. (2) Forests that have regrown naturally on cut-over lands are mostly middle-aged and early secondary stands, which need to be managed, not replanted. (3) Plantations of nonnative larch (Larix spp.) urgently need to be replaced and replanted with native trees and bamboos, but new policies are needed that allow these plantations to be thinned or cut. (4) Bamboo forests in the mid-high mountain zones need to be assessed to determine if they are disclimaxes of degraded forests. Pilot studies are needed to determine the best need and practices to rehabilitate and restore them. We conclude that the restoration of panda habitat cannot be accomplished simply through tree and bamboo plantings.