Based on Propensity Matching Scores: Comparison of the Efficacy of Two Kinds of Bariatric Surgery for Obese Type 2 Diabetes

Purpose To compare the efficacy of OADS and SG in treating obese T2D in China. Materials and Methods We included 99 obese Chinese patients with T2D undergoing OADS or SG with a 1-year postoperative follow-up from January 2014 to October 2021. Using the propensity score matching (PSM) method, patients from both groups were matched 1:1. Outcomes for losing weight, controlling diabetes, and nutrition were then determined. Results There were 32 patients in each group after using the PSM method, and there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of all the baseline indicators (P> 0.05). When comparing weight loss outcomes, the OADS group outperformed the SG group in terms of change in BMI and %TWL, with statistically significant differences [15.0 (8.1-26.6) kg/m(2), 10.0 (4.10-23.5) kg/m(2) P = 0 .001; 38.5% + 6.7%, 29.5% + 9.4%, P = .000]. When comparing the efficacy of diabetes, the OADS group outperformed the SG group in terms of HbA1C and complete remission of diabetes, with statistically significant differences [5.1 (3.8-5.6)%, 5.4 (4.3-7.9)%, P = 0 .001; 100%, 75%, P = 0 .005]. Besides, the incidence of postoperative zinc deficiency in the OADS group was significantly higher than in the SG group (P = 0.019) and there was no significant difference in other postoperative nutritional outcomes between the two groups. Conclusion Although OADS and SG are both effective in the treatment of obese T2D, OADS performs better. Besides, the long-term efficacy of both needs to be recorded at subsequent follow-up.