Effect of Seeding Rate and the Spraying with Licorice Extract in Oil Percentage and Active Ingredients of Caraway (Carum Carvi L.)

A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of three levels of seeding rate (4.7 and 10 kg center dot h-1) and three concentrations of licorice extract (0.3 and 6 g center dot L-1) the data were analyzed statistically by using a factorial experi-ment according to the randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. The results showed that the seeding rate 7 kg center dot h-1 gave a significant increase in seeds yield, volatile oil yield, and limonene ratio, which were 1162.6 kg center dot h-1, 25.6 kg center dot h-1, and 30.41%, respectively. In turn, seeding rate 4 kg center dot h-1 gave a higher average of the volatile oil percent and carvone percent, which were 2.3 % and 67.27%, respectively. The results also revealed that spraying of licorice extract with 3 g center dot L-1 gave significantly influenced in seeds yield and volatile oil yield which were (1016.6 and 23.3 kg center dot h-1) respectively, whereas the spraying of licorice extract with 6 g center dot L-1 gave the highest ratio of carvone and limonene which were 29.71% and 67.54% respectively. The interaction between the seeding rate of 7 kg center dot h-1 and licorice extract with 3 g center dot L-1 had a significant effect on seeds yield and volatile oil yield, which amounted to (1234.2 and 28.4 kg center dot h-1), respectively.