Prevalence and risk factors for diabetic foot complications among people living with diabetes in Harare, Zimbabwe: a cross-sectional study

被引:4
作者
Kuguyo, Oppah [1 ]
Mukona, Doreen Macherera [2 ]
Chikwasha, Vasco [3 ]
Gwanzura, Lovemore [4 ]
Chirenda, Joconiah [3 ]
Matimba, Alice [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Zimbabwe, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Clin Pharmacol, Mazowe St, Harare, Zimbabwe
[2] Univ Zimbabwe, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Primary Hlth Care Sci, Harare, Zimbabwe
[3] Univ Zimbabwe, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Community Med, Harare, Zimbabwe
[4] Univ Zimbabwe, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Med Microbiol, Harare, Zimbabwe
关键词
Diabetes; Diabetic foot; Diabetic foot in Zimbabwe; Peripheral neuropathy; Insulin; KNOWLEDGE; CARE;
D O I
10.1186/s12889-023-17610-7
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要
Background Diabetic foot disease (DF) is a common diabetes-related complication; however, the prevalence and associated risk factors for DF are not well characterised among people living with diabetes (PLWD) in Zimbabwe. This may suggest the unavailability of adequate strategies to diagnose and treat DF in the country. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of DF and associated risk factors for PLWD in Harare, Zimbabwe. Methods This was a cross-sectional study, employing a quantitative approach. In total, 352 PLWD were recruited from 16 primary care clinics in Harare. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected via face-to-face interviews and clinical records reviews. The DF screening included an evaluation for peripheral neuropathy, ankle-brachial index (ABI), ulceration, and amputation. Self-administered questionnaires were used to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAPs), and KAP was scored using Bloom's cut-off. Chi-Square goodness-of-fit tests were performed, and regression analyses were used for association analysis. The threshold for significance was p < 0.05. Results This group included 82 men and 279 women, with a combined mean age of 57.9 +/- 14 years. Twenty one (similar to 26%) men and 41 (15%) women had type 1 diabetes. The diabetes type distribution significantly differed by gender (p < 0.001). Oral hypoglycaemics (71%) were most commonly administered for management. DF was observed in 53% (95% CI = 50-56) of PLWD. Other DF symptoms observed were abnormal ABI (53%), peripheral neuropathy (53%), foot ulceration (17%) and amputation (3%). Peripheral neuropathy increased the risk of ulceration (OR = 1.7; 95% CI = 1.1-2.6; p = 0.019), while insulin use was protective against amputation (OR = 0.1; 95% CI = 0.1-0.9; p = 0.049). Most (87%) of the participants demonstrated good DF knowledge and the importance of adhering to medication to prevent DF. However, 96% did not know that smoking was a risk factor for DF. Nearly two-thirds (63%) demonstrated poor attitudes and practices. Poor attitudes and practices were not predictors of DF ulceration risk (p > 0.05). Conclusion This study showed that there was a high prevalence of DF (53%) in PLWD in Zimbabwe, and insulin use was protective against DF. There is an urgent need for policy revisions to include foot screening in routine primary care and increasing insulin use for PLWD to prevent complications such as DF as an integral part of primary care.
引用
收藏
页数:13
相关论文
共 41 条
  • [1] Abbas ZG, 2013, Diabetes Manag, V3, P427, DOI [10.2217/DMT.13.32, DOI 10.2217/DMT.13.32]
  • [2] Abbas ZG BN, 2017, The worldwide implementation of the 'Train the Foot Trainer' programme
  • [3] Diabetic foot ulcer disease in African continent: 'From clinical care to implementation'-Review of diabetic foot in last 60 years-1960 to 2020
    Abbas, Zulfiqarali G.
    Boulton, Andrew J. M.
    [J]. DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE, 2022, 183
  • [4] The 'Step by Step' Diabetic Foot Project in Tanzania: a model for improving patient outcomes in less-developed countries
    Abbas, Zulfiqarali G.
    Lutale, Janet K.
    Bakker, Karel
    Baker, Neil
    Archibald, Lennox K.
    [J]. INTERNATIONAL WOUND JOURNAL, 2011, 8 (02) : 169 - 175
  • [5] Prevalence of Diabetic Foot Ulcer and Associated Factors among Adult Diabetic Patients on Follow-Up Clinic at Jimma Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia, 2019: An Institutional-Based Cross-Sectional Study
    Abdissa, Daba
    Adugna, Tesfaye
    Gerema, Urge
    Dereje, Diriba
    [J]. JOURNAL OF DIABETES RESEARCH, 2020, 2020
  • [6] Prevalence of diabetic comorbidities and knowledge and practices of foot care among diabetic patients: a cross-sectional study
    Abdulghani, Hamza Mohammad
    AlRajeh, Areej Salman
    AlSalman, Budoor Hussain
    AlTurki, Lulwah Sami
    AlNajashi, Norah Sulaiman
    Irshad, Mohammad
    Alharbi, Khalid Hamad
    AlBalawi, Yazeed Eid
    AlSuliman, Yazeed A.
    Ahmad, Tauseef
    [J]. DIABETES METABOLIC SYNDROME AND OBESITY-TARGETS AND THERAPY, 2018, 11 : 417 - 425
  • [7] Diabetic foot ulcer in Southern Jordan: A cross-sectional Study of Clinical and Microbiological Aspects
    Aborajooh, Emad
    Alqaisi, Talal M.
    Yassin, Mohammad
    Alqpelat, Eyad
    Abofaraj, Alaa
    Alrawajih, Tariq
    Alzoubi, Hamed
    Abu Lubad, Mohammad
    [J]. ANNALS OF MEDICINE AND SURGERY, 2022, 76
  • [8] Diabetic Foot Complications and Their Risk Factors from a Large Retrospective Cohort Study
    Al-Rubeaan, Khalid
    Al Derwish, Mohammad
    Ouizi, Samir
    Youssef, Amira M.
    Subhani, Shazia N.
    Ibrahim, Heba M.
    Alamri, Bader N.
    [J]. PLOS ONE, 2015, 10 (05):
  • [9] Prevalence of diabetic foot ulceration and associated risk factors: an old and still major public health problem in Khartoum, Sudan?
    Almobarak, Ahmed O.
    Awadalla, Heitham
    Osman, Mugtaba
    Ahmed, Mohamed H.
    [J]. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE, 2017, 5 (17)
  • [10] American Diabetes Association, 1998, Diabetes Care, V21, P54, DOI [10.2337/diacare.21.1.S54, DOI 10.2337/DIACARE.21.1.S54]