New phosphorus losses via tile drainage depend on fertilizer form, placement, and timing

被引:3
作者
Osterholz, William [1 ]
Simpson, Zach [2 ]
Williams, Mark [3 ]
Shedekar, Vinayak [4 ]
Penn, Chad [3 ]
King, Kevin [1 ]
机构
[1] USDA ARS, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
[2] USDA ARS, Sustainable Water Management Res, Stoneville, MS USA
[3] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Lab, W Lafayette, IN USA
[4] Ohio State Univ, Dept Food Agr & Biol Engn, Columbus, OH USA
关键词
AGRICULTURAL PHOSPHORUS; WATER-QUALITY; WEIGHTED REGRESSIONS; SITE VULNERABILITY; SOIL TYPE; MANURE; RUNOFF; SUBSURFACE; TRANSPORT; STRATIFICATION;
D O I
10.1002/jeq2.20549
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Agricultural phosphorus (P) losses are harmful to water quality, but knowledge gaps about the importance of fertilizer management practices on new (recently applied) sources of P may limit P loss mitigation efforts. Weighted regression models applied to subsurface tile drainage water quality data enabled estimating the new P losses associated with 155 P applications in Ohio and Indiana, USA. Daily discharge and dissolved reactive P (DRP) and total P (TP) loads were used to detect increases in P loss following each application which was considered new P. The magnitude of new P losses was small relative to fertilizer application rates, averaging 79.3 g DRP ha(-1) and 96.1 g TP ha(-1), or <3% of P applied. The eight largest new P losses surpassed 330 g DRP ha(-1) or 575 g TP ha(-1). New P loss mitigation strategies should focus on broadcast liquid manure applications; on average, manure applications caused greater new P losses than inorganic fertilizers, and surface broadcast applications were associated with greater new P losses than injected or incorporated applications. Late fall applications risked having large new P losses applications. On an annual basis, new P contributed an average of 14% of DRP and 5% of TP losses from tile drains, which is much less than previous studies that included surface runoff, suggesting that tile drainage is relatively buffered with regard to new P losses. Therefore old (preexisting soil P) P sources dominated tile drain P losses, and P loss reduction efforts will need to address this source.
引用
收藏
页码:241 / 252
页数:12
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