India's renewable energy research and policies to phase down coal: Success after Paris agreement and possibilities post-Glasgow Climate Pact

被引：19

作者：

Singh, Kripal ^{[1
,16
]}

Meena, Ram Swaroop ^{[2
]}

Kumar, Sandeep ^{[3
]}

Dhyani, Shalini ^{[4
,16
]}

Sheoran, Seema ^{[3
]}

Singh, Har Mohan ^{[5
]}

V. Pathak, Vinayak ^{[6
]}

Khalid, Zaira ^{[7
]}

Singh, Anita ^{[8
,10
]}

Chopra, Kapil ^{[9
]}

Bajar, Somvir ^{[11
]}

Ansari, Faiz Ahmad ^{[12
]}

Gupta, Sanjay Kumar ^{[13
]}

Varjani, Sunita ^{[14
,15
]}

Kothari, Richa ^{[8
]}

Tyagi, Vineet Veer ^{[5
]}

Singh, Bhaskar ^{[7
]}

Byun, Chaeho ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Andong Natl Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Andong 36729, South Korea

[2] Banaras Hindu Univ, Inst Agr Sci, Dept Agron, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India

[3] ICAR Indian Agr Res Inst, Reg Stn, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India

[4] CSIR, Natl Environm Engn & Res Inst NEERI, Nagpur 440020, Maharashtra, India

[5] Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Univ, Sch Energy Management, Katra 182320, Jammu & Kashmir, India

[6] Manav Rachna Univ, Sch Sci, Faridabad 121004, Haryana, India

[7] Cent Univ Jharkhand, Dept Environm Sci, Ranchi 835205, Jharkhand, India

[8] Cent Univ Jammu, Dept Environm Sci, Rahya Suchani Bagla 181143, Jammu & Kashmir, India

[9] Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Katra 182320, Jammu & Kashmir, India

[10] Cent Univ Haryana, Dept Environm Studies, Mahendergarh 123031, Haryana, India

[11] JC Bose Univ Sci & Technol, YMCA, Dept Environm Sci, Faridabad 127306, Haryana, India

[12] Durban Univ Technol, Inst Water & Wastewater Technol, POB1334, ZA-4000 Durban, South Africa

[13] Indian Inst Technol Delhi, Dept Civil Engn & Environm Engn, Delhi 110016, India

[14] City Univ Hong Kong, Sch Energy & Environm, Kowloon, Tat Chee Ave, Hong Kong 999077, Peoples R China

[15] Univ Petr & Energy Studies, Sch Engn, Sustainabil Cluster, Dehra Dun 248007, Uttaranchal, India

[16] IUCN Commiss Ecosyst Management, CH-1196 Gland, Switzerland

来源：

BIOMASS & BIOENERGY | 2023年 / 177卷

基金：

新加坡国家研究基金会;

关键词：

Bioenergy; Glasgow climate pact; Panchaamrit Strategy; Phase out coal; Solar energy; Sustainable development; MICROBIAL FUEL-CELL; SOLAR-ENERGY; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; JATROPHA-CURCAS; ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION; BIOENERGY PRODUCTION; MARGINAL LANDS; WASTE-WATER; RICE-STRAW; BIOMASS;

D O I：

10.1016/j.biombioe.2023.106944

中图分类号：

S2 [农业工程];

学科分类号：

0828 ;

摘要：

In Paris Climate Agreement (COP 21) in December 2015, India committed to cut its carbon (C) emissions by 30-35% of its GDP (gross domestic product) and attain 40% of installed energy from renewables by 2030. In the Glasgow Climate Pact (COP 26), an agreement developed at COP26 of UNFCCC in November 2021, India committed to enhancing its renewable energy (RE) capacity to 500 GW and installing 50% of its power from renewable resources by 2030. It is projected that this will help India to reduce its C emissions by 1Bt, reduce emission intensity to the economy by 45% by 2030, and meet the goal of C neutral economy by 2070. Realization of these highly ambitious commitments made at COP26 can be determined by the nation's growth in REs after COP21. Therefore, this article reviews the overall development of renewable energies - solar, wind, biomass, hydrogen, and hydro - in India after COP21 by the end of December 2021. This review provides detailed information on various policies and roadmaps for each energy sector commitments. It identifies major technical and social challenges associated with the sustainability of these sectors. This review offers insights into how realistically ambitious plans India has for 'phasing down' the use of coal by 2050 and being a carbon-neutral economy by 2070. India achieved massive success through solar energy after COP21 and 80% of future investments are for solar energy. Comparatively, there has been the least investment in other REs such as bio-energy, water, and wind.

引用

页数：16