Trustworthy decentralized collaborative learning for edge intelligence: A survey

Edge intelligence is an emerging technology that enables artificial intelligence on connected systems and devices in close proximity to the data sources. decentralized collaborative learning (DCL) is a novel edge intelligence technique that allows distributed clients to cooperatively train a global learning model without revealing their data. DCL has a wide range of applications in various domains, such as smart city and autonomous driving. However, DCL faces significant challenges in ensuring its trustworthiness, as data isolation and privacy issues make DCL systems vulnerable to adversarial attacks that aim to breach system confidentiality, undermine learning reliability or violate data privacy. Therefore, it is crucial to design DCL in a trustworthy manner, with a focus on security, robustness, and privacy. In this survey, we present a comprehensive review of existing efforts for designing trustworthy DCL systems from the three key aformentioned aspects: security, robustness, and privacy. We analyze the threats that affect the trustworthiness of DCL across different scenarios and assess specific technical solutions for achieving each aspect of trustworthy DCL (TDCL). Finally, we highlight open challenges and future directions for advancing TDCL research and practice. (c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shandong University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).