Bibliometric analysis of the classic cited papers in the American Journal of Surgery: Citation recapitulates surgical history

Background: We performed a bibliometric analysis of the American Journal of Surgery (AJS) to identify, char-acterize and place within a historical context, its published classic cited papers (CCPs). Methods: Bibliometric data from papers published in the AJS between January 1, 1945, and December 31, 2021 was extracted from the Web of Science database. Analysis was performed utilizing Bibliometrix and VOSViewer software. Results: 27,070 papers were published in the AJS over the study period. There were 16 CCPs, including 5 Top CCPs, identified. Review of the Top CCPs reveals that they are based on careful clinical observations, innovation and generally build on prior published work. Top CCPs usually are specific to a particular diagnosis or a commonly performed procedure, as such papers frequently present a scoring or classification system, or important details related to new operative approaches or techniques. Conclusions: Bibliometric study of the AJS has allowed for identification, characterization and appreciation of many of the key changes that have occurred in the discipline throughout the history of modern surgery.