Oxygen and iron in interstellar dust: An X-ray investigation

被引:9
|
作者
Psaradaki, I. [1 ,2 ]
Costantini, E. [1 ,3 ]
Rogantini, D. [1 ,8 ]
Mehdipour, M. [9 ]
Corrales, L. [2 ]
Zeegers, S. T. [7 ]
de Groot, F. [4 ]
den Herder, J. W. A. [1 ,3 ]
Mutschke, H. [5 ]
Trasobares, S. [6 ]
de Vries, C. P. [1 ]
Waters, L. B. F. M. [1 ,10 ]
机构
[1] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, Niels Bohrweg 4, NL-2333 CA Leiden, Netherlands
[2] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, 1085 S Univ Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
[3] Univ Amsterdam, Anton Pannekoek Astron Inst, POB 94249, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands
[4] Univ Utrecht, Debye Inst Nanomat Sci, Univ Weg 99, NL-3584 CG Utrecht, Netherlands
[5] Univ Sternwarte AIU, Astrophys Inst, Schillergasschen 2-3, D-07745 Jena, Germany
[6] Univ Cadiz, Fac Ciencias, Dept Ciencia Mat Ingn Met & Quim Inorgan, Campus Rio San Pedro, Cadiz 11510, Spain
[7] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, 11F Astron Math Bldg,NTU AS Campus,1,Sect 4,Roosev, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
[8] MIT Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, 70 Vassar St, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
[9] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
[10] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys IMAPP, POB 9010, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands
关键词
astrochemistry; dust; extinction; X-rays: ISM; LINE-OF-SIGHT; SILICATE DUST; ABSORPTION; SPECTROSCOPY; SCATTERING; EMISSION; SPECTRUM; ELEMENT; FE; SPECTROMETER;
D O I
10.1051/0004-6361/202244110
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
Understanding the chemistry of the interstellar medium (ISM) is fundamental for the comprehension of Galactic and stellar evolution. X-rays provide an excellent way to study the dust chemical composition and crystallinity along different sight lines in the Galaxy. In this work, we study the dust grain chemistry in the diffuse regions of the ISM in the soft X-ray band (<1 keV). We use newly calculated X-ray dust extinction cross sections obtained from laboratory data in order to investigate the oxygen K and iron L shell absorption. We explore the XMM-Newton and Chandra spectra of five low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) located in the Galactic plane and model the gas and dust features of oxygen and iron simultaneously. The dust samples used for this study include silicates with different Mg:Fe ratios, sulfides, iron oxides, and metallic iron. Most dust samples are in both amorphous and crystalline lattice configuration. We computed the extinction cross sections using Mie scattering approximation and assuming a power-law dust size distribution. We find that the Mg-rich amorphous pyroxene (Mg0.75Fe0.25SiO3) represents the largest fraction of dust towards most of the X-ray sources, namely about 70% on average. Additionally, we find that similar to 15% of the dust column density in our lines of sight is in metallic Fe. We do not find strong evidence for ferromagnetic compounds, such as Fe3O4 or iron sulfides (FeS, FeS2). Our study confirms that iron is heavily depleted from the gas phase into solids; more than 90% of iron is in dust. The depletion of neutral oxygen is mild, namely of between 10% and 20% depending on the line of sight.
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页数:12
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