Soil microbial biodiversity promotes crop productivity and agro-ecosystem functioning in experimental microcosms

被引:23
作者
Romero, Ferran [1 ]
Hilfiker, Sarah [1 ]
Edlinger, Anna [1 ]
Held, Alain [1 ]
Hartman, Kyle [1 ]
Labouyrie, Maeva [1 ,2 ,3 ]
van der Heijden, Marcel G. A. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Agroscope, Res Div Agroecol & Environm, Plant Soil Interact, CH-8046 Zurich, Switzerland
[2] Univ Zurich, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland
[3] European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr Ispra JRC Ispra, Via Enrico Fermi 2749, I-21027 Ispra, Italy
基金
瑞士国家科学基金会;
关键词
Soil biodiversity; Multifunctionality; Fertilizer; Microcosms; Soil microorganisms; NITROGEN-FERTILIZATION; BACTERIAL DIVERSITY; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; DECOMPOSITION; LITTER; PLANT; AGRICULTURE; IMPACTS; FOREST;
D O I
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163683
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Soil biota contribute substantially to multiple ecosystem functions that are key for geochemical cycles and plant per-formance. However, soil biodiversity is currently threatened by land-use intensification, and a mechanistic under-standing of how soil biodiversity loss interacts with the myriad of intensification elements (e.g., the application of chemical fertilizers) is still unresolved. Here we experimentally simplified soil biological communities in microcosms to test whether changes in the soil microbiome influenced soil multifunctionality including crop productivity (leek, Al-liumporrum). Additionally, half of microcosms were fertilized to further explore how different levels of soil biodiversity interact with nutrient additions. Our experimental manipulation achieved a significant reduction of soil alpha-diversity (45.9 % reduction in bacterial richness, 82.9 % reduction in eukaryote richness) and resulted in the complete removal of key taxa (i.e., arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi). Soil community simplification led to an overall decrease in ecosystem multifunctionality; particularly, plant productivity and soil nutrient retention capacity were reduced with reduced levels of soil biodiversity. Ecosystem multifunctionality was positively correlated with soil biodiversity (R = 0.79). Mineral fertilizer application had little effect on multifunctionality compared to soil biodiversity reduc-tion, but it reduced leek nitrogen uptake from decomposing litter by 38.8 %. This suggests that natural processes and organic nitrogen acquisition are impaired by fertilization. Random forest analyses revealed a few members of pro-tists (i.e., Paraflabellula), Actinobacteria (i.e., Micolunatus), and Firmicutes (i.e., Bacillus) as indicators of ecosystem multifunctionality. Our results suggest that preserving the diversity of soil bacterial and eukaryotic communities within agroecosystems is crucial to ensure the provisioning of multiple ecosystem functions, particularly those directly related to essential ecosystem services such as food provision.
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页数:10
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