CCPNet136: automated detection of schizophrenia using carbon chain pattern and iterative TQWT technique with EEG signals

Objective. Schizophrenia (SZ) is a severe, chronic psychiatric-cognitive disorder. The primary objective of this work is to present a handcrafted model using state-of-the-art technique to detect SZ accurately with EEG signals. Approach. In our proposed work, the features are generated using a histogram-based generator and an iterative decomposition model. The graph-based molecular structure of the carbon chain is employed to generate low-level features. Hence, the developed feature generation model is called the carbon chain pattern (CCP). An iterative tunable q-factor wavelet transform (ITQWT) technique is implemented in the feature extraction phase to generate various sub-bands of the EEG signal. The CCP was applied to the generated sub-bands to obtain several feature vectors. The clinically significant features were selected using iterative neighborhood component analysis (INCA). The selected features were then classified using the k nearest neighbor (kNN) with a 10-fold cross-validation strategy. Finally, the iterative weighted majority method was used to obtain the results in multiple channels. Main results. The presented CCP-ITQWT and INCA-based automated model achieved an accuracy of 95.84% and 99.20% using a single channel and majority voting method, respectively with kNN classifier. Significance. Our results highlight the success of the proposed CCP-ITQWT and INCA-based model in the automated detection of SZ using EEG signals.