The general ratooning ability of rice yield-related traits: A meta-analysis

Numerous studies have attempted to pinpoint certain traits of rice varieties linked with great ratooning ability that may be used in cultural practice. However, both genetic and environmental variables affect rice's capacity for ratooning. We are able to measure the innovative ratooning ability that affects the decline in ratoon yield using the agronomic features of the main crop and ratoon rice in our global database for a meta-analysis, drawn from 51 experiments in 14 countries. We discovered that changes in cultivar yield and maturity features, cropping location, and nitrogen fertilizer treatment may all affect a plant's capacity to tiller. On the other hand, the growth duration ratoon ability was less responsive to variations in cultivars and cropping location. We also found that ratooning changes the plant architecture for yield generation from bigger spikelets with fewer panicles to fewer spikelets (dropping 48%) with larger panicles (increasing 19%). We came to the conclusion based on our research that the decreased yield in ratoon crops may be caused by fast ear emergence and aggressive tillering, which negatively influence stem elongation, panicle differentiation, and a lack of nutrition, resulting in fewer spikelets (panicle-1). The present data are thoroughly summarized and analyzed in this research, which also clarifies the lack of knowledge around the characteristics that affect ratoon rice crop production. A comprehensive global quantitative analysis was conducted to assess the ratoon rice's ratooning ability.The tillering-ratooning ability was found to be influenced by variations in genetic and environmental factors.Genetic and environmental variables may have little effect on ratoon crop growth duration.The plant architecture shifts from large spikelets in the main crop to large panicles in the ratoon crop.The accelerated ear emergence could have a detrimental impact on stem elongation during panicle differentiation.